Automatic sight-feed crude-oil burner



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet. 1.

' D. G. WILGUS. 7 AUTOMATIC SIGHT FEED CRUDE OIL BURNER Patented Oct. 6,1896'.

WITNESSES INVENTOR .Z7.0.W2JZ 50,5;

BY XYMA (N /v MW A TTORNEYS Tm: minus mans w. Pno mmco. msnmomu. n c;

. 6- .j' pm 55 3 9' x 59-11 v 5 z; 1

(No Model,-) 2 sneetssneet 2.

D. G. 'WILGUS.

AUTOMATIC SIGHT FEED CRUDE 01L BURNER. No. 568,924. Patented 00b6, 1896.

I /j l WITNESSES INVENTOR A T TORNEY'S m: nouns min: no. mum wnswksmmo.c.

UNITED STAT -s.

PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL c. WILGUS, or LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA."

AUTOMATIC SIGHT-FEED CRUDE-OIL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 568,93f1, dated October6, 1896.

Application filed February 7 1895. Serial No. 537,646. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL C. IVILGUS, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Los Augeles, in the county of Los An gelesand State of Oalifornia,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Sight-Feed Crude-Oil Burners, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improved device for burning crude oil whichmay be used in various ways, either for creating power, heating rangesfor hotels and restaurants, or for general domestic purposes; and myinvention consists in certain features of novelty hereinafter described,and pointed out in the claims.

Figure I represents my device in perspective as attached to a range orcooking-stove. Fig. II represents a section of the stove, taken on lineII II, Fig. I, looking outward, but showing various parts of the devicein full lines as well as in sections. Fig. III is in part a sectiontaken on line III III, Fig. II, looking inward, showing the sight-feedand diaphragm for controlling the supply of oil. Fig. IV is a horizontalsection taken on line IV IV, Fig. III. Fig. V is a perspective view ofthe heat retaining and distributing box.

Referring to the drawings, 1 represents an ordinary cooking-stove towhich my device is shown attached, but which, as before stated, may beused in connection with various heat ing and cooking furnaces, ranges,&c.

2 represents the oil-supply pipe, which connects with a reservoirconveniently located (not shown) at some point higher than the burner inorder to create a gravity-feed, the oil not requiring any furtherpressure than that of the atmosphere.

The oil-supply pipe 2 connects with a vertical cylinder 3 by means of aport 4. The oil passes into a lower chamber 5 in said cylinder, thenceup through apertures 6 in a partition 3 to an upper chamber 7 in saidcylinder, thence through a pipe 8 to a channel 9 oil passes from theport 11 down through a contracted orifice 13, into the upper end ofwhich the point of the valve 12 enters when the valve is closed.

ll represents a glass tube through which the oil drops, thus formingasight-feed for the same. The oil thence passes through a chamber 15 in alower head 16, and from thence itis discharged into the stove or furnacethrough a pipe 17, the upper end of said pipe being connected at 18 tothe head 16, and being supported near its lower end by being connectedat 19 with the outside of the steam-discharge pipe.

20 represents the water-sup ply pipe through which water is introducedto the stove or furnace in order to create steam to mix with the. oil atthe point of discharge. Vhere convenient to a system of water supply, Iconnect said supply-pipe thereto, in order to have a constant supply andat the same time take advantage of the water-pressure; but be itunderstood the successful operation of my device does not depend on sucha connection or pressure, as a tank suitably located would perform thesame functions. I also preferably place a reservoir 21 in connectionwith the supply-pipe at some suitable point between the check-valve 22and the burner, the object of said reservoir being to always maintain asupply of water and pressure in case the main supply is for any reasonout 01f or is being used for other purposes, said pressure being causedby the compressed air within the same.

The water-supply pipe 20 connects with the 8 5 upper head 10 at 23, atthe opposite end of the upperhead to the port 11, in rear of the channel9, and discharges into a chamber 24 in said head. Thence the waterpasses down through a contracted orifice 25, the amount 0 allowed topass through said orifice being governed by a needle-valve 26.

27 represents-a pendentcoil of wire sur rounding the lower end of theorifice 25 and extending some distance below the same, the 5 object ofsaid coil being to retard the water a sufficient length of time in orderthat it be discharged in distinct drops, as seen at 28 in Fig. III, thusonly admitting at regular intervals a suificient quantity of water intothe 1 0o tube offers a frictional resistance to the wa-- as a tube, butthe convolutions of the wire serve to arrest the passage of the wateruntil a large drop is formed, and the passage of the water is stillfurther retarded by the water passing between the separate convolutionsor coils of the wire and running down on the outside as well as 011 theinside of the coil to the lower end of the same, where it forms intodrops, as stated. The drops of water pass from the orifice 25, downthrough a glass tube 29, into a chamber in the lower head 16, said glasstube admitting a constant inspection of the amount of water beingdischarged into the heating-pipe. The water passes out through anorifice 31, through a pipe 32, and discharges into the heating-pipe 33,surrounding the fire-chamber. Between the pipes 32 is a partition. 32,having a Z-shaped orifice 34, (see Fig. 11,) which serves as a traptoprevent a back pressure of steam from escaping, into the transparenttube and condensing on the glass, as well as to retain water in thediaphragm or piston.

The heating-pipe is properly arranged around the fire-box of the stoveor furnace in one or more coils, in order that steam may be quicklygenerated. The return end of the heating-pipe connects with a verticalpipe 35 at 36, said vertical pipe having at its upper end a safety-valve37, controlled by a coilspring 38. It is not thought that a safetyvalveis necessary in a device automatically controlled, as this device is,but the-same has been shown as a double precaution. The steam passesdown through the pipe 35 and connects with the injector-tube 39 at 40,said pipe serving to support the burner, which is mainly formed of thepipe or tube 39 and the end of the oil-pipe 17. As the steam-pipe 35 isin close proximity to the oil-pipe 17 near its discharge-point, thesteam in said pipe serves to heat the oil before it is discharged.

The tube 39 is provided with a conical inner end 41 and has acentralcontracted dischargeopening 42. The discharge end of the oilpipe17 is bent or curved, as shown at 43, in order that the point ofdischarge of the oil may be on a horizontal plane with thedischarge-openin g 42 of the tube 39, with the result that the steamstrikes the end of the oiltube and is scattered, carrying with it theoil as it is discharged and vaporizes it ready to be consumed. Thecurvedtube conveys the oil in the same general direction as the steam drivesit after it is discharged from the tube, the steam thus having a greaterpurchase upon the oil than if it were discharged at right angles, thecurved tube also admitting of a slower discharge, thus giving the steammore time to act, and as the oil travels slowly down the curved tubetime is given for the steam to heat the oil before it is dis charged,thus aiding combustion. to that extent. I have found that this curvedtube gives much better results than other forms.

The oil and steam discharges being entirely separate, the oil will notin any way clog or close up the opening through which the steam isdischarged.

44 represents a strainer-tube placed in the injector-tube 39 and beingconnected with a threaded plug 45, screwed into the outer end of saidinjector-tube and having a handwheel 46 thereon, by which means saidstrainer-tube may be removed when found necessary.

47 represents a rod located in the center of the injector-tube 39 andpassing through a stuffing-box 48 in the outer end of the tube, having aknob 49 on its outer end foroperating the same, and having a shoulder 50surrounding the rod located inside of the injec tor-tube to limit itsoutward movement, the.

object of said rod. being to clean out the open ing at the inner end ofthe injector-tube when necessary while the burner is in use, the rodbeing then drawn back out of the way without removing it from theinjector-tube. (See Fig. 11.)

The supply of oil is automatically controlled or turned 011 or. offbythe action of the steampressure on the water, the water passingthrough a curved pipe 51 (which provides a watertrap) into adiaphragm-cup 52, supported on the pipe..

53 represents a diaphragmsuit-ably secured in the cup 52 and having apiston 54 resting thereon, the rod 55 of the piston connecting with arod 56, which extends up into theupper chamber 7 of the cylinder 3,Where it comes in contact with a valve 56, which seats on the partition3 and closes the oilsupply orifices 6, the result being that as thesteam is generated the diaphragm and piston are raised by thesteam-pressure on the water and a supply of oil is permitted to pass tothe burner. If any accident should shut 0E the supply of water and nosteam be generated and the pressure on the diaphragm be removed, thenthe valve will be closed by action of a spring 57 and the supply of oilshut off until steam is again generated.

Vashers 58 are placed at the ends of the glass tubes 14 29 in slightrecesses 59 in the heads 10 16 and the heads forced into close I thusform a steam-tight contion and distribution of the heat atoms to use aheat retaining and distributing device. I have invented for this purposea box 61 tobe placed in the fire-box of a stove or furnace. Saiddistributing-box is preferably triangular or V shape, having a chamber62.0f the samecontour, the Wide portion of the chamber facing the burnerand located at a proper distance therefrom to receive the heat-blast.

63 represents a series of openings in the end, sides, and top of the box61, through which the heat is properly distributed. The box 61 ispreferably made of fire-clay, in order to resist the heat, and at thesame time it serves to retain a sufficient amount of heat to ignite theoil if for any reason the supply should be shut ofi for a brief space oftime and again turned on before the box has time to cool off.

64 represents wire or its equivalent placed in the fire-clay box 61before it is burned, said -wire forming a binding element to preventbreakage of the clay.

I prefer to construct the steam-heating pipes as shown on I, so thatcoal or other fuel may be used without removing the same or the pipes inany way interfering with the use of said fuel.

In countries where the temperature falls to a low point I prefer to usedistilled oil when necessary and form gas to mix with the crude oil atthe point of discharge, and thus avoid danger of the burner notoperating on account of the water freezing.

I claim as my invention 1. An oil-burner comprising an oil supply, aburner, means for generating steam, a water supply, a head, connectedwith the water supply, having an outlet-port, and a coil of wiresituated at the outlet-port of the head in a vertical position and ofsuch a diameter as to cause the water to be separated into drops bypassing through it; substantially as described.

2. An oil-burner comprising an oil supply, a burner, means forgenerating steam, a water supply, tubes through which the water and oilsupplies pass, and a wire coil located in one of the tubes and situatedat the outlet-port of the head in a vertical position and of such adiameter as to cause the water to be separated into drops by passingthrough it; substantially as described.

3. An apparatus for burning oil comprising a water-supply pipe an upperhead having a chamber with which the water-supply pipe is connected anda contracted orifice beneath the chamber, a valve for controlling theorifice, a pendent coil of wire surrounding the lower end of the orificefor arresting the flow and producing large drops of water,

the lower head having a chamber and a tube around the coiland'connecting the chambers in the upper and lower heads; substantiallyas described.

l. An apparatus for burning oil comprising a water-supply pipe, theupper head having a chamber with which the water-supply pipe isconnected and a contracted orifice beneath the chamber, a valve forcontrolling the orifice, the lower head having a chamber and a pipeleading from the chamber formed with a partition having a Z-shapedrecess forming a trap and a tube connecting the chambers in the upperand lower heads; substantially as described.

5. An oil-burner comprising the steam-im jector tubehavin g a conicalinner end formed with a contracted discharge-opening, the' strainer-tubelocated in the injector-tube, the threaded plug with which thestrainer-tube is connected, having a hand-wheel, the stuffing-boxconnected with the plug, and the sliding rod extending through thestufiing-box, through the plug, and through the strainertube, forcleaning the discharge-opening of the injector-tube; substantially asdescribed.

6. The combination with aburner for steam and oil, sources of water andoil, water and oil ducts having sight-tu hes therein and leading fromthe said sources of water and oil to the burner, heads for thesight-tubes having ports forming portions of the ducts aforesaid, and asteam-generator in the water-duct interposed between the sight tube forwater and the burner; substantially as described.

DANIEL O. WILGUS.

Witnesses: JAS. E. KNIGHT, HENRY E. BRETT.

